{"id":2239,"date":"2024-04-24T06:22:37","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T06:22:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/?p=2239"},"modified":"2024-04-24T06:24:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T06:24:27","slug":"what-is-the-relationship-between-rfid-and-nfc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/what-is-the-relationship-between-rfid-and-nfc\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00fd je vztah mezi RFID a NFC?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Internet v\u011bc\u00ed se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed: konektivita, identifikace a manipulace s daty.<\/div>\n
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D\u0159\u00edve jsme hodn\u011b mluvili o technologii, jak se objekty v internetu v\u011bc\u00ed p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed k s\u00edti, a ve skute\u010dnosti je identifikace objekt\u016f prvn\u00edm krokem v implementaci internetu v\u011bc\u00ed, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mus\u00edme jednozna\u010dn\u011b identifikovat a rozli\u0161it ka\u017ed\u00fd objekt.<\/div>\n
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Technologie identifikace objekt\u016f reprezentovan\u00e1 RFID byla kdysi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 synonymem pro internet v\u011bc\u00ed a nyn\u00ed se vyv\u00edj\u00ed Technologie RFID<\/a> NFC hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech. Promluvme si prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku o technologii identifikace za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed internetu v\u011bc\u00ed, jak\u00fd je vztah mezi RFID a NFC?<\/div>\n
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RFID<\/div>\n
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Bezkontaktn\u00ed radiofrekven\u010dn\u00ed identifikace (RFID) je v podstat\u011b bezdr\u00e1tov\u00e1 komunika\u010dn\u00ed technologie, kter\u00e1 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed data prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fdch elektromagnetick\u00fdch vln. Na rozd\u00edl od obecn\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed technologie v\u0161ak jej\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem nen\u00ed telefonovat nebo pos\u00edlat textov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, RFID se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k identifikaci a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed tagu nav\u00e1zan\u00e9ho na objektu, aby bylo dosa\u017eeno spr\u00e1vy objektu.<\/div>\n
Technologie FID je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na ve skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a logistice pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed<\/div>\n
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RFID syst\u00e9my vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k identifikaci objekt\u016f \u0161t\u00edtky (tagy). Krom\u011b \u0161t\u00edtku m\u00e1 syst\u00e9m RFID obousm\u011brn\u00fd bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fd transceiver, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d\/\u010dte\u010dka, kter\u00fd vys\u00edl\u00e1 sign\u00e1l \u0161t\u00edtku a \u010dte zp\u011btnou vazbu \u0161t\u00edtku.<\/div>\n
RFID syst\u00e9m se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze \u010dte\u010dky a \u0161t\u00edtku<\/div>\n
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RFID se d\u011bl\u00ed na pasivn\u00ed RFID a aktivn\u00ed RFID. Pasivn\u00ed RFID obecn\u011b ozna\u010duje pasivn\u00ed RFID bez bateri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zcela spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed elektromagnetick\u00fdch vln, aby obvod fungoval, a identifikovateln\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost \u0161t\u00edtku se nem\u011bn\u00ed. Aktivn\u00ed RFID syst\u00e9my obecn\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed aktivn\u00ed RFID \u0161t\u00edtky, jejich\u017e identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost se sni\u017euje se sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdkonu.<\/div>\n
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Syst\u00e9m ETC vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed technologii RFID usnad\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup<\/div>\n
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Aktivn\u00ed RFID m\u00e1 obecn\u011b velkou identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad syst\u00e9m ETC automatick\u00fdch m\u00fdtn\u00fdch stanic na d\u00e1lnic\u00edch a automatick\u00fdch parkovi\u0161t\u00edch, kter\u00fd obecn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed RFID pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na frekvenci 2,4 GHz. Na \u0161t\u00edtku ETC je v\u0161ak baterie, a pokud je baterie vybit\u00e1, je t\u0159eba ji vym\u011bnit, aby mohla fungovat.<\/div>\n
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RFID \u0161t\u00edtek<\/div>\n
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RFID tagy se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed ze dvou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed: Integrovan\u00fd obvod (IC) a ant\u00e9na:<\/div>\n
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IC se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat, modulaci a demodulaci RF sign\u00e1l\u016f a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed energie ze sign\u00e1lu odeslan\u00e9ho \u010dte\u010dkou pro vlastn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/div>\n
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\u00da\u010delem ant\u00e9ny je vys\u00edlat a p\u0159ij\u00edmat bezdr\u00e1tov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly.<\/div>\n
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Form\u00e1t EPC k\u00f3du, EPC k\u00f3d m\u016f\u017ee postupn\u011b nahradit tradi\u010dn\u00ed UPC k\u00f3d, tedy \u010d\u00e1rov\u00fd k\u00f3d komodity<\/div>\n
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Co je ulo\u017eeno v RFID \u0161t\u00edtc\u00edch?<\/div>\n
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Form\u00e1t dat ulo\u017een\u00fd na \u0161t\u00edtc\u00edch RFID je obecn\u011b k\u00f3d EPC (Electronic Product Code). EPC k\u00f3dy mohou identifikovat v\u0161echny objekty na sv\u011bt\u011b. Struktura EPC k\u00f3du je definov\u00e1na EPCglobal Tag Data Standard, ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm standardem, kter\u00fd lze zdarma st\u00e1hnout z webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek EPCglobal Inc.<\/div>\n
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Technologie NFC<\/div>\n
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Pot\u00e9, co mluvil o RFID, poj\u010fme mluvit o Near Field Communication (NFC). NFC je velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed pro mobiln\u00ed telefony. Umo\u017e\u0148uje chytr\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm vym\u011b\u0148ovat si data t\u00edm, \u017ee se k sob\u011b p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed NFC mohou tak\u00e9 komunikovat s pasivn\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtkem NFC stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako RFID.<\/div>\n
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Technologie NFC se vyvinula z technologie RFID, krom\u011b komunika\u010dn\u00edho protokolu standard NFC ur\u010duje tak\u00e9 form\u00e1t v\u00fdm\u011bny dat. Kombinace induk\u010dn\u00ed \u010dte\u010dky karet, induk\u010dn\u00ed karty a funkc\u00ed point-to-point na jedin\u00e9m \u010dipu NFC umo\u017e\u0148uje identifikaci a v\u00fdm\u011bnu dat s kompatibiln\u00edmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. NFC lze ch\u00e1pat jako podmno\u017einu technologie RFID, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e1smo 13,56 MHz, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e RFID zahrnuje i dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1sma. RFID m\u00e1 mnoho pracovn\u00edch frekven\u010dn\u00edch p\u00e1sem, n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1smo m\u00e1 125 kHz, vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1smo m\u00e1 13,56 MHz, ultravysok\u00e9 frekven\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1smo m\u00e1 433,92 MHz, 915 MHz a mikrovlnn\u00e9 p\u00e1smo 2,45 GHz. (2) Komunika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost NFC se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 komunikace v bl\u00edzk\u00e9m poli a komunika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost je skute\u010dn\u011b velmi bl\u00edzk\u00e1, ne v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,1 m. Existuje mnoho druh\u016f RFID a identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost nen\u00ed stejn\u00e1. Stejn\u011b jako p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 karty RFID je identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost podobn\u00e1 jako u NFC. Av\u0161ak pro takov\u00e9 aplika\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, jako je ETC, je identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost relativn\u011b dlouh\u00e1. Identifika\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho RFID m\u016f\u017ee dosahovat des\u00edtek metr\u016f nebo dokonce stovek metr\u016f. (3) Aplika\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e RFID, a\u0165 u\u017e aktivn\u00ed nebo pasivn\u00ed, hlavn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce se st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro identifikaci objekt\u016f, logistika, doprava, skladov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 technologie RFID pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed. NFC \u010dipy jsou integrovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b \u010dte\u010dek karet a \u0161t\u00edtk\u016f v jednom. Krom\u011b toho byla vylep\u0161ena obousm\u011brn\u00e1 komunika\u010dn\u00ed schopnost NFC. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, NFC lze pou\u017e\u00edt nejen jako ozna\u010den\u00ed pro identifikaci, ale tak\u00e9 jako obousm\u011brnou komunika\u010dn\u00ed metodu pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu dat. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se NFC nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v oblasti plateb.<\/div>\n
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Technologie NFC je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na v platebn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch<\/div>\n
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Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee a\u010dkoli je NFC vyvinuto na z\u00e1klad\u011b technologie RFID, nenahrazuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplika\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Internet v\u011bc\u00ed se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed: konektivita, identifikace a manipulace s daty. D\u0159\u00edve jsme hodn\u011b mluvili o technologii, jak se objekty v internetu v\u011bc\u00ed p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed k s\u00edti, a ve skute\u010dnosti je identifikace objekt\u016f prvn\u00edm krokem v implementaci internetu v\u011bc\u00ed, \u017ee [\u2026]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,44,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-ntag-card","category-rfid-device"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2239"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2245,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions\/2245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nfc-readers.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}